Apparatus for die rolling billets



Nov. 28-, 1944. F. LUZKY V APPARATUS FOR DIE ROLLING BILLETS Filed July11, 1942 15 Sheets-Sheet- 1 IINVENTOR.

Nov. 28, 1 944.

F. LUZKY APPARATUS yon DIE ROLLING BILLETS.

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ABPARATUS FOR DIE 30mm BILLETS.

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APPARATUS FOR DIE ROLLING BILLETS Filed July 11} 1942 15 Sheets-$heat 9can ACTION 0 w 6 V m c ,9

- Q a 0 n D l K n wmo I65 I50 I35 I 10540 '75 so 45 I5 0 ANG'ULIRDISPLACF/"ENT 0F MIL-L ROLL 4N0 (RINK DEGREEAY 37150 I65 I50 I I20, I05#0 v5 60 30 l5 0 mvquLane OISPLACEME'NT or MILL ecu. a CRANK DEGREES mmI50 I35 120 I05 an 15 45 30 I57 0 INVENTOR- RNGULA? DISPLACEMENTEULLJCIPANA' MILL. ROLL arse-0i ascgsss FRED 02 J BY J -MMM ATTORNEY5 F1Luzisw NQV. 28, i9

Filed July 11, 1342 15 Shams-511891; l1

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Nov. 28, 1944 F., LuzKY APPARATUS FOR DIE ROLLING .BILLETS 15.Sharia-Sheet "14 INVENTOR.

F/zs LVZ/f) Filed Juiy- 11, 1942 mag- Az'mRNm F. LUZ KY APPARATUS FORDIE ROLLING Bil-LETS.

15 Sheets-Shea? 15 Filed July 11, 1942 INVENTOR.

LUZ/TV ATTORNEYJ'.

m $5 14 .g /5%u V/47///////////////// 4 cute the die rolling ofarticles, such as automo Patented Non 28,1944

Fred Luzky, East Cleveland, Ohio, asslgnor to The Mid-West ForgeCompany, Cleveland, Ohio, a. corporation of Ohio Application Infill,1942, Serial No. 450,51

22 Claims.

This invention pertains to apparatus for automatically die rolling metalbillets or blanks into 7 articles of variable section by passage throughsuccessive pelts of die rolls arranged in tandem. Originally, theshaping of metal articles ofvariable section, such as axles, co'nnectingrods, etc., from billets or blanks sheared from the continuous stock ofthe bar mill, required a. considerable number of manual operations, thearticles being forged roughly to shape under the hammer and finished ina drop or press forge. The subsequent introduction of Ajax or gap typerolls,

1. e., roll pairs containing forming dies and an intervening gap forinsertion of the stock against a back stop between passes, largelysupplanted the hammer for roughing operations, but although thesereduced, they did not eliminate manual operations, inasmuch as the stockhad to be manually inserted in each of the successive roll passes. Thispractice is exemplified in the patent to F. H. Meyer, No. 1,736,321,granted Novemher 19, 1929.

Subsequent to that time, methods and apps! ratus were developed forapplying automatic feeds to Ajak rolls, such methods and apparatus beingdisclosed in- United States Patents Nos. 2,081,959, 2,156,402 and2,183,557. These methods, while succesful, from the standpoint that,they produced articles of a. high degree 01' unifertility and free fromflash and other imperfactions, were not entirely satisfactory ill-om;the standpoint of producing such articles as rapidly as required byrapidly expanding commercial and defense needs. 4

Attempts have also been made to die roll articles of variable section byfeeding long lengthsof bar stock, for rolling the articles in multiple,

through one or more sets of die rolls. This procedure has been folmdsatisfactory only where the articles can be rolled to its finished formin a 40 described in United States Reissue Patent No.

single pass. The reason for this is that owing to the variable sectionof the article and the resulting variation in flow of the metal andelonation of the stock in rolling, the impressions formedinthestockinonerollpcsswlllnot reg-. 4 later correctly throughout-thelength of the bar in c. succeeding rollpass, but to the contrary, therewill be introduced'a. cumulative or progresslvely increasing error inregistration in the second pass from one end of the bar to the other.

This difllculty is encountered whether the stock is fed completelythrough one roll pass before the next, or whether it is attempted toroll the stock continuously in successive passes,

bile aisles, connecting rods, etc., the variations in cross-section aretoo great to permitof die rolling in a. single pass and since theprocedure employlng long or multiple length stock is unsatisfactory forreasons above outlined, attention has been directed to the developmentof mills of this type adapted for die rolling relatively short billets-or .blanks'in successive passes, and in such manner that thebillets pass completely out of one set of rolls before entering a secondset. Al'- though this procedure eliminates thecumulative error inregistration encountered in rolling long or multiple lengths,nevertheless dlfllculties have been encountered in devising suitablefeeding mechanisms and especially those which are wholly automaticin-operation, for feeding the billets from on roll passto thenext, andfor correctly registering the billets with the roll dies in successivepasses. i 7

Various schemes hove beenproposed employlng rotating or reciprocatinghooks, pushers, gripping devices, etc, for 'automatically pulling,pushing or otherwise feeding the billets into the rolls. But such'proposals have proved universe-Hyunsuccessful for tandem mill operationby reason of their.complexity, size, tendency to get out o! order, etc,or by reason of fundamentally deiective principles of design orconstruction, such ble with their variable rate of feed therein, oremploying a common feeding device, chain conveyor, etc, for all rollpasses whereby correct registration of the billets and forming dies inthe successive passes, is impossible, etc. 7

Allof the foregoing difllculties and disadvan. tages have been overcome,and marked progress in the direction of rapid production in commerciallydesirable quantities achieved by the development and use of the methodand apparatus by mechanical means through die roll pairs arranged intandem, whlle in the pending application, the blank is automatically'fed by hydraulic means through die roll pairs arranged in tandem.

In accordance with my invention, I have devised, constructed andsuccessfully operated a fully automatic type of tandem mill of extremelysimple, compact and rugged construction, for progressively die rollinginitiallyblank billets in successive passes to 'a desired final form,suchas '65 automobile sxles, connecting rods, etc, 'Themill,

scribed in the aforesaid reissue patent and pending application, but hasincorporated therein somewhat different means for feeding the billetsthrough the mill. V

Ar outstanding feature of the invention is the automatic feeds employedfor feeding the billets through the mill, several modifications of whichare described hereinafter, but all operating on generally similarprinciples. These feeds are characterized by compactness, simplicity andflexibility of construction and operation as to the wide range in billetlengths, including extremely short lengths, capable of being handled,and

have proved in actual practice to be designed and constructed inaccordance with proper principles for feeding the billets into the rollsin precisely correct registration with the forming dies thereof for thesuccessive passes.

' In the general construction of the mill, each set of forming dies isprovided with a reciprocating type of automatic feed individual thereto,

the feeds for the successive sets of rolls bein individually adjustableas to stroke and timing 7/ menibers ofdiiier ent diameters, oneengagingthe stationary rack member and the other engaging the slidablyvdisplaceable rack member, the two pinionsbeing keyed on a comon shaft.

For holding the billet in yielding engagement with the succeeding rolls,at the end of the feed stroke, the connecting rod is preferablyresiliently coupled to the carriage, with sumcient rigidity, however,to'apply a positive drive to the finger until the billet engages thesucceeding roll pair, but to yieldingly drive the same thereafter. It isunderstood of course that equivalent ways of causing the billet toyieldingly engage the rolls may be employed, such as by resilientlymounting the finger in-its support, or by providingthe finger with aresilient member adapted to engage the billet, etc. V V

Preferably, the finger ls'pivotally mounted one the slidablydisplaceable rack member in such manner, as explained below, that it ismaintained rigidly upright to propel the billet on its feed stroke, butis resiliently defiectable to ride over billets or other objectsencountered on its return stroke. r

. pair to engage the rear of a billet delivered there- Each feed employsa reciprocating finger which engages thebillet subsequent to itsdelivery from one roll pair 'for ,propulsion into the succeeding rollpair, the finger being so mounted and driven as to hold the billet inyielding engagement with the rolls of the succeeding pair upon contacttherewith until gripped by the forming dies. By virtue of thesefeatures, whereby the billet is not engaged by thefinger until it leavesone roll pair, and holds the billet in yielding engagement with therolls of the succeeding pair until gripped by the forming dies thereof,there is no tendency for the feed to buckle or elongate the hi1- lets orinjure the feeding mechanism, such as occurs where the billets areripped and fed by the feeding mechanism while in the rolls.

In accordance with the preferred construction,

gripped by the dies.

the finger is reciprocted by means of a reciprocating carriage to whichis journaled a pinion operating between a stationary rack member and vthe crank will reciprocate the carriage, causing the pinion to ridealong the stationary rack memher and thereby reciprocate the slidablydisplaceable rack member carrying the finger, at double the velocity andstroke of the carriage. An extremely compact assembly is thus secured,inasmuch as the size and diameter of the crank and connecting rodassembly is only half-that re-. quired where the finger is directlydriven by the connecting rod, which latter modification is, however,within the scope of the invention. Also since, at the end of the stroke,the slidably displaceable rack carrying the finger projects well beyondthe carriage, the finger can approach quite closely the succeeding rollpair. In consequence of these features, the mechanism is adapted'to feedbillets of any desired length including extremely short lengths.

In accordance with a further modification, any desiredstep-up orstep-down ratio of velocity and stroke of the finger as compared to thecarriage can be secured by employing a pair of pinion by, for propulsionto the succeedingroll pair, the rolls being appropriately slotted backof the forming diesfin the direction of rotation, to permit this. On itsreturn stroke, the finger, as stated, is defiectable over the billet androlls encountered in order to be positioned behind the next billet to befed on its next feed stroke.

In accordance with one modification, stops areprovided in the rollsslightly in advance of the forming dies, and the billet is propelledagainst these stops and resiliently held there until With thismodification, as the billet approaches the rolls, it is preferable tomomentarily retard its advance until the roll stops clear the end of thebillet and to thereupon momentarily accelerate the advance of the billetinto engagement with the roll stops. This is effected, in accordancewith this aspectof the invention, by means of a suitably shaped camsecured to the crank, and adapted .during its rotation to engage a camroll mounted on the pinion carriage, in such manner as to actuate theresilient coupling between the connecting rod and carriage for securingthe abcvementioned deceleration and acceleration of the finger. Inaccordance with another modification, the cam may be omitted by soadjusting the stroke, velocity and timing of the finger in relation tothe speed of the mill rolls, as to bring the billet'up to the succeedingroll pair at' a higher speed than the mill rolls but in such timedrelation as to.- allow the stops to clear the billet before the billetis ushed against them. Also, in accordance with a still furthermodification, the stops on the rolls may be omitted by so adjusting thestroke, velocity and timing of the finger in relation. to the mill rollspeed and-position of the forming dies therein, as to bring the billetup to the succeeding roll pair slightly in advance of the instant atwhich the billet is gripped by the forming dies thereon, at whichinstant the crank is passing substantially through dead center to holdthe billet substantially stationary until gripped by the dies, andthereafter to maintain the billet momentarily in resilient engagementwith thedie rolls. This modification may, if desired, be fur! thersupplemented by the addition of the cam arrangement above described,thecam being so at 4-4 and 5-5 respectively of Fig. 2. Fig.5 isa simplifiedplan view, corresponding to Fig. 1.

but on a larger scale, and with parts removed to show the arrangement ofthe feed rolls and billet guides.

Fig. 7 is an enlarged plan view, corresponding to the first three rollstands at the right in Fig. l, but with parts removed to show in detailthe modification of the billet ieedingmechanism employing the cam andcam roll arrangement above referred to. Figs. 8 and 9 are sections at Hand 9-9 respectively of Fig. 7. Fig. 10 is a fragmentary section atIll-40 of Fig. 9, toillustrate more clearly the rack and pinionarrangement forming part of the feeding mechanism; while Fig. 11 is aperspective view of the feeding mechanism.

Figs. 12 to 15 inc, are plan views of the feeding mechanism,corresponding to Fig. 7, .but showing this mechanism in the positionssuccessively assumed duringv the feeding cycle, for illustrating themode of operation. In these figures, the mill supporting structure isremoved to more clearly illustrate the feed in relation to the millrolls.

Fig. 16 is a diagrammatic view showingior the feeding mechanism in Figs.7 to 11 inc. employed in conjunction with stops on the mill rolls, therelative positions of the mill rolls, billetand feeding mechanism, andalso graphically showing the relative velocities and displacements ofthe mill rolls and reciprocating feed finger, at suecessive stages ofthe feed stroke.

l and cam roll retained. Fig. 17a is a-view similar to Fig. 17 butcovering the modification employing no cam and cam roll but employingstops on the mill rolls. Fig. 17b is a view similar to Fig. 17

but covering the modification employing no cam 5 or cam roll and nostops on the mill rolls.

Figs. 18 to 22 inc. are enlarged details illustrating at successivestages theapproach of a billet into engagement with the mill roll stops,

' Figs. 28 to 31 inc. respectively; while Figs. 40 tssi inc. aresectionsat 40l0, ll-ll, etc., respectively, of Figs. 36 to 39 inc.

Fig. 52 is an enlarged plan view, similar to Fig. 7, but showing themodification of'the feeding mechanism employing no cam and cam roll.

Fig. 53 is a fragmentary view in transverse section of a modified formof rack and pinion arrangement from that depicted in Fig. 10. 1

Figs. 54 and 55 are respectively views in plan and elevation of thebillet guides extending from the output side of each horizontal rollstand to the input side of each vertical roll stand in Fig. .1, Figs.56, 57 and 58 being sections respectively at 5H6, 51-51 and 58-58 ofFig. 55;- while Figs. 59 and-60 are respectively views in plan andelevation oi the billet guides extending from the out- 'put side of eachvertical roll stand to the input side of each horizontal roll stand inFig. 1, Figs. 61, 62 and 63 being sections respectively at 6 |--6 I,62-52 and 53-53 of Fig. 60.

Referring to Figs. 1 to 6 inc., the mill comprises a series ofalternately arranged horizontal and vertical mill stands H and V, eachcontaining a pair of cooperating forming or forging rolls i, 2. betweenwhich the billets or blanks to be forged are fed successively. As shownin Figs. 28 to -inc., the rolls of each pair I 2 contain cooperatingforming dies or grooves 3, and the successive roll pairs are arrangedwith their forming grooves 3 disposed in line," as shown in Figs. :1, 5and 6, whereby the blanks to be formed are fed in a straight linethrough successive roll passes, as

illustrated in Fig. 6 by passage of a billet or 35 blank throughsuccessive roll passes from position I to position 4'.

The number of roll stands depends on the number of roll passes requiredfor forging a blank into \i an article of desired length and contour.Figs. 28

Fig. 17 is a graphical view showing the relative velocities and,

to 35' inc. are illustrative of the variations in shape of the formingdies 3, for successive roll employing the type of billet feed shown inFigs.

'7 to 15 inc. in conjunction with stops on the mill rolls; while Figs.23 to 27 inc. are correspondingviews applicable to the modificationwherein no stops are employed on the mill rolls and no cam and cam rollarrangement is employed feeding mechanism.

Figs. 28 to 31 inc. are views or the for'gingrolls for the successivehorizontal and vertical stands respectively, for illustrating the timingsequence of the forming dies for the successive roll passes as well asthe shapes of. the forming dies for successive 'passes, the latter beingshown in longitudinal section. Figs. 32 to 35 inc. show the forming diesin plan view for the successive roll stands of Figs. 28 to .31 inc. Itwill be understood that the views for the successive roll passes aretaken at right angles to each other, since the billet after passingthrough the formingrolls of on the passes, to efiect this result. AlsoFigs. 36 to 5'1 inc. are illustrative of the progressive changes inlength and contour of a billet 4 after passage through successiveforging roll pairs, such as those of Figs. 28 to 35 inc. Preferably thespacing between successive roll stands graduall increases with theprogressive increase in length of o the billet being forged, since thespacing between stands must at all times exceed the lengths ofthebillets or blanks as they pass through successive stands.

The blanks are fed into and out of the mill and between successivepasses thereof, along grooved guides, such as 5, 6, I, 8, Figs. 1 to 6,which are constructed and arranged as shown in detail in Fig's.,54 to 63.inc., and explained hereinafter.

The blanks 4 are fed automatically through.

the mill by means 01' power-driven reciprocatory The fingers. 9 arecarried by crank-actuated reciprocating feeding mechanisms, individualto the successive mill stands, and arranged alter 7 to 15 with respectto one modification, and in' Fig. 53 with respect to anothermodification. As will be explained, these feeding mechanisms operate insuch timed relation with respect to each I terposed spacers, as at ill.The horizontal stands H comprise superimposed housings l4, l5, Fig. 3.

Each of the vertical stands includes a pair of vertically spaced,horizontal shafts I8 having secured to one end thereof respectively, theforming rolls l, 2, these rolls being maintained in position by means'ofnuts ll, and the shafts being 'Journaled in chocks I8, l9 which arevertically displaceable along suitable guides of the housings ll, l2,respectively. I For yertically adjusting the spindles l6, the upper andlower chocks l8, it are engaged respectively by upper and lower breakers2B, the breakers being in turn engaged by adjusting screws 2| threadedthrough the housings ll, l2, the upper screws being adjustable by meansof adjusting wheels and cooperating levers, as at 22, 23. The lowerscrews are similarly actuated from a screwadjusting shaft 24 through aspur gear, worm shaft and worm gear arrangement 25, 26, 21.

aseaaaa and in Figs. 12 to 15 inc. as to mode-of a e tlon.

thereon a lug 31, Fig. 10, which normally rests upon th rear portion oflug 35, thereby to prevent rotation of the finger past its verticalposition in a clockwise direction. The finger is resiliently maintainedin this vertical position by a helical spring 38 connected between thelug 31 and a spring post 39 mounted on the slide 39.

an angle of substantially 90 against the restoring Axialadjustment ofthe rolls l, 2 is effected by I means of the roll-adjusting nuts, as at28c.

Asseen from a comparison of Figs. 2 and 3, th

construction of the horizontal stands is substantially identical withthat of the vertical between mill stands, if necessary. The rails 28 arein turn mounted upon rail supports 29, and these, in ,turn, aresupported on the main frame or base 30 of the mill.

The mill rolls for all stands are uniformly driven from a motor. orotherwise power-driven main shaft 3|,- through bevel gears, as at 32,actuating intermediate shafts 33, which in turn drive the roll spindlesl6 through spur gears 34. As shown-in Figs. 2 and 3, the drives for thehorizontal and vertical stands are identical except for the fact thatthe intermediate shafts and the spindles for the vertical standsarearranged perpendicular. to those of the horizontal stands.

As further shown-in Figs. 2 and 3, the spur gears 34 are journaled tothe adjustable checks [9 and whereby adjustment of .the chocks Hi tovary the spacing between spindles I6, and hence between rolls 1, 2,correspondingly varies the spacing' between the cooperating pairs ofspur gears 1 34, thereby to maintain the spindleand roll drive ,3unaffected by such adjustments.

The feeding mechanisms "I, Fig. 1, for the successive roll passes, arealike as to construction and operation. -Accordingly, the mechanism forfeeding blanks to the second horizontal roll pass will be selected fordetailed explanation with ref- 1 erence first to' the modificationthereof illustrated in Figs. 7 .t0 11 inc. as to construction,

action of the spring 39. The purpose'of thisccnstruction, as brought outmore fully below, is to assure that the finger will remain rigidly upstanding, on its advance stroke, to propel a'blank into the mill'rolls,but to permit the finger to deflect and ride over the next succeedingblank on its return stroke, as illustrated in Figs. 12 to 15respectively.

Theslide as, on which finger s is mounted, fits into a channel formed bya pair of spaced flanges Of a reciprocable carriage member 59, and islocked in sliding engagement therewith by means of overlappingrectangular strips Bolted to these flanges, as at ll. The carriage 49 isin turn slidably mounted on a stationary supporting member 42 ofsubstantially 1'- section, which fits between spaced flanges of thecarriage and is held indocking engagement therewith by overlappingstrips secured to the carriage flanges, as at 43. The stationary support42 is in turn bolted, as at 44, to a gear housing 45 referred tohereinafter, and which is in turn mounted upon the mill housing II, asshown in 7.

The carriage 40 is countersunk midway. of its length and has journaledtherein, one end of a spindle 46,'Fig, 9 carrying a pinion 41. theopposite end of the spindle being joumaled through a bearing member 48of semi-circular contour in plan view. which is bolted to an outersemicircular apron 49, Fig. 10, of the carriage;

Pinion 41 meshes with a. movable rack II,

which fits into achannel in slide 36, and is secured thereto by means ofscrews, IS shown in Fig. 9. Pinion, at a point diametrically opposite toits engagement with the movable rack 50, also meshes with a stationaryrack 5|, bolted 'at its opposite ends to projecting lugs 52, Fig. 11,

4 of the stationary carriage support 42;. The lugs are slidablykeyed tothe intermediate shafts 33,

52 are of such shape as to space the stationary rack 5| from its support42, to provide a. slot 53 therebetween, through which a central portion.

ion 41 to rid upon the stationary rack 5|, and thereby reciprocate theintegral structure comprising the movable'rack, slide and finger 50, 38,9, at double the velocity and displacement or stroke of the carriag l0.

For purposes of its reciprocation, the carriage 40 is provided with atapped projecting lug through which is journaled a pin 54 held in placeby a nut 55a threaded to one end, Fig. 9, with the opposite endterminating in'an eyelet 55 perpendicular to the axis of the pin,.andthrough As shown in Figs. '1 to 11 inc., the lower end i aseassa aconnecting rod 56, extending at its opposite,

end, to a crank arm.51 rotatable on a shaft/58.

As shown most clearly in Fig. 7, the connecting rod takes the form of apair of terminal bars, threaded into opposite ends of a turn buckle foradjusting the effective length as desired. The portion of the connectingrod which passes through the eyelet 55 is provided on one side thereofwith a fixed shoulder 59, and on the opposite Sid8' With a displaceableshoulder or spacer 50 between which and a terminal nut and washer ti isinterposed a helical spring 62 surrounding the rod, whereby theconnecting rod cannot be displaced to the right with respect to theeyelet .55 beyond the position-illustrated in Fig. 7, but may bedisplaced to the left withrespect to the eyelet against the restrainingaction of the spring 62. This is the resilient coupling between theconnecting rod and pinion carriage for purposes above stated, andexplained in detail below.

The opposite end of the connecting rod 55 secured to across-head 63,through which is journaled, at right angles to the connecting rod, an

ing screw 68, held in place by a clamping screw t9 threaded to the lug.and bearing against a peripheral groove of the adjusting screw 65, .Fig.7, one end of this screw being threaded into the adjusting block and theopposite end being provided with a squared head for application of awrench or the like. With the arrangement described, the eccentricity ofthe crank arm and the stroke of the connecting rod may be varied asdesired, by displacement of the adjusting block 64 along the crank armslot 66, while concurrently varying the length of the connecting rod 56by means of the turn buckle therein. And since rotation of the crank armwill reciprocate. the carriage 60, slide 4| and finger 9, these elementswill reciprocate between limits thus determined by the eccentricity ofthe crank arm.

The drive for the crank shaft 58 is shown mostclearly in Figs. 2, 4, 7and 9. This shaft is journaled through bearings, such as 69, of the gearhousing 45, and has keyed to the opposite end thereof a gear 10, withinthe housing 45 which meshes with an idler gear H, rotatable on a spindleI2 journaled to bearings ofther housing, the idler gear in turn meshingwith a driving gear 13 secured on an annular support keyed to one of theroll spindles Hi, the complete drive being shown schematically in F1g.4. These gears provide a unity ratio drivebetweeri the roll spindle isand the crank arm 51. so that the latter makes one complete revolutionfor each complete revolu- ;riage, the finger moves at all times in fixedtimed relation to the associated forging rolls.

v The lug of carriage 40 through which the'eyelet pin 54, Fig. 9, isjournaled, has bolted to its upstanding stud of an adjusting blockeflcarried its lower edge with a horizontally extending slot within which ahorizontally extending support 15 for a cam roll 76, is adjustablybolted, this support, as shown in Fig. '7, being longitudinally slottedas at Ha for adjustably positioning the cam roll and its support l5, E6in a horizontal direction. A cam 11 adapted to engage the cam roll 16during rotation of the crank arm is secured to the opposite end of thecrank arm from that which carries the adjusting block 64, as

shown in Fig. 7.

The purpose of the cam i1 and cooperating cam roll i6, is to momentarilyretard and thereafter to accelerate the displacement of the finger 9, asit pushes the billet 4, as shown in Fig. 14, into engagement with thestops 18 provided on the forging rolls just ahead of the forming dies 3(see alsoFigs. 28 to 31 inc.). The necessity 'for this results from thefact, referring still to Fig. 14, that the billet 4 must be held out ofcontact with the forging rolls until after the stops 18 have cleared theend of the billet. Thereafter the billet must be pushed against'thesestops. This requires that as the'billet approaches the forgingrolls, thespeed of the forging rolls must momentarily be greater than the speed ofapproach of the billet, in order to permit the stops on the .rolls toclear the end of the approaching billet;

whereupon the speed of approach of the billet must momentarily exceedthe speed at which the stops I8 on the rolls are receding from thebillet, in order that the billet may be shoved up against the stops. Theproblem of meeting these requirements is complicated by the fact thatwhereas the peripheral velocity of the mill rolls is constant, thevelocity of approach of the billet, under propulsion of finger 9, variesfrom a maxi- .mum at the middle of the reciprocatory stroke of thefinger 9, to zero at the end of the stroke.

tion "of the associated forging rolls. Likewise, j

rear surface a supporting plate 14, provided near 76 Referring now toFigs. 12 to 15 inc., the cam roll 18 and cooperating cam 1'! accomplishthe above in accordance with the following cycle ofoperations: As thecrank arm'5'l rotates counterclockwise from the dotted line position51', Fig.

12, corresponding to the beginning of the stroke, the carriage 40 movesto the left from the position 40, causing the finger 9 to likewise moveto the left from the dotted line position 9 at double the carriagevelocity to the full line position 9, whereupon the finger engages thebillet 4 which has just through the vertical rolls V. As the crank armcontinues to rotate, the

crank arm, carriage and finger move from the positions shown by the fulllines in Fig. 12 to the positions shown by the full lines in Fig. 13..When the crank arm reaches this latter position, the cam roll 16 willengage the leading edge of the cam 11, as shown. Also as the crank armcontinues to rotate further until it reaches theposition shown by thedotted lines in Fig. 13, the cam roll 16 rides along the portion 19, 12.of the cam 11, which is so shapedas momentarily rto retard the advanceof the carriage 40 and finger '9, by the amount 80, Fig. 13, due to therigidly interposed cam roll support 15 secured to the.

the cam roll 16 willipass onto-the portion82, Fig. 1,2, of the cam 11,and as it does so, the displacemeat of finger 9 to the left willawelerate, owing

